1. Alias
Shanli Hongguo, Rat Zha, Liangmei, North Hawthorn.
2. Plant morphology
Deciduous tree, up to 6 meters tall. Multiple branches, with spines or absent, spines 1-2 cm long. Leaves alternate, with broad ovate or triangular ovate leaves and 2-4 pairs of feather like lobes. Only the lower pair of lobes is deeper, with a short pointed tip and a wide wedge-shaped base. The upper part is glossy, while the lower part has short hairs along the veins, and the edges have irregular heavy serrations. Umbrella inflorescence, white flowers, bell shaped calyx, 5 petals, lower ovary, 5 chambers. Pear fruit is nearly spherical, with a diameter of up to 2.5 centimeters, deep red, with yellow white small spots, sepals fall off very late, and a circular deep depression is left at the tip.
3. Origin distribution
Born in sandy slopes, mixed forests or shrubs by rivers. Distributed in Northeast China, Hebei, Henan and other regions.
4. Harvesting and processing
Harvested in autumn when fruits are ripe, sliced, and dried.
5. Characteristics of medicinal herbs
The fruit is large, round, with a diameter of 1.5-1.8 centimeters, with a surface that is red or dark red, densely covered with large white spots, and thick flesh. 5 seeds (seeds), large, kidney shaped, often with a groove. The air is slightly fragrant, with a sour and slightly sweet taste.
6. Sexual Taste Returning to the Classics
Slightly warm in nature, with a sour and sweet taste. Returning to the Spleen Meridian, Stomach Meridian, and Liver Meridian.
7. Effect and Function
Consume and invigorate the spleen, promote qi circulation, and eliminate blood stasis. It belongs to the category of digestive medicine.
8. Clinical application
Take 6-12 grams of decoction orally; Or into pills or powder. For external use: appropriate amount, boil and wash with water or apply by pounding. Treat symptoms such as meat stagnation, infantile breast hyperplasia, abdominal distension and pain, dysentery, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis and abdominal pain, hyperlipidemia, etc.
9. Pharmacological research
Promote digestion, protect cardiovascular function, lower blood pressure, lower blood lipids, resist oxidation, enhance immunity, resist bacteria, prevent cancer, contract uterus, and relieve pain. Organic acids in hawthorn are effective ingredients for digestion and promoting stagnation, while flavonoids are active ingredients for preventing and treating cardiovascular disease and lowering blood lipids. Germany has included hawthorn preparations as a drug for treating cardiovascular diseases in its pharmacopoeia, and condensed yellow alkane (yellow alkane polymer) is one of its quality standards. Hawthorn flavonoids or hydrolysates have cardiotonic effects on both in vitro and in vivo toad hearts; Extracts, flavonoids, or hydrolysates can increase coronary flow; Total flavonoids, hydrolysates, and triterpenoids have antihypertensive effects; Extracts, alcohol extracts, and total triterpenoid acid extracts can lower blood lipids; In addition, it has the effects of enhancing immunity, antioxidation, and antibacterial. Toxicity: The LDso of total flavonoids injected intraperitoneally into mice is 165 mg/kg.
10. Chemical composition
It mainly contains organic acids (citric acid and its methyl ester, malic acid, etc.) and flavonoids (hyperoside, quercetin, vitexin, etc.). It also contains components such as L-epicatechin, quercetin, β - sitosterol, citric acid, ursolic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, gallic acid, and protocatechuic acid.
11. Usage taboos
People with weak spleen and stomach should take it with caution. Raw food should not be consumed excessively.
12. Compatibility prescription
① Treat all food accumulation: 120 grams of hawthorn, 120 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, and 60 grams of Liu Shen Qu. The top is the end, steamed cake pills, wutong seeds are big, take 70 pills, and put in white soup. (Danxi Heart Method)
② Treat the problem of eating too much meat: 120 grams of hawthorn meat, boil it in water and eat it. And drink its juice. (Simple and Convenient)
③ Treatment of phlegm accumulation: 90 grams of hawthorn, 9 grams of stone alkali, and 30 grams of Pinellia ternata (soaked in soapberry water and dried in the sun). The upper part is the end, Congee paste pills, take thirty pills, and soup. (Dan Xi Xin Fa Xiao Awei Wan)
④ Initial treatment for dysentery: 30g hawthorn, 15g red and white sucrose, 4.5g Haomaojian tea. Boil hawthorn soup, mix sugar and tea leaves in a covered bowl, and when dipping into slices, drink it. (Zhongzhong Canxi Lu)
⑤ Treat dysentery with a combination of red and white flavors: Regardless of the amount of hawthorn meat, stir fry and grind it into powder, and mix 3-6 grams of red dysentery honey per serving; White diarrhea mixed with red and white sugar; Mix both red and white (dysentery), half honey and sugar evenly, mix with white soup, and hollow out. (Compilation of Medical Banknotes)
⊙ The content of the article is for clinical reference only. Non TCM professionals are not allowed to test drugs.