1. Alias
Old Crow Gallbladder, Sophora flavescens, Crow Egg, Small Melia azedarach.
2. Plant morphology
Evergreen shrubs or small trees. The whole plant is densely covered with light yellow soft hairs. Odd feather compound leaves, alternate, with 5-11 leaflets; The leaves are ovate lanceolate or long ovate in shape, with a pointed tip and asymmetric base on both sides. The edges are roughly serrated and both sides are covered in short hairs. Flowers are unisexual, heterozygous, or homologous; Conical inflorescence, axillary, with yellow soft hairs on the main axis; Small flowers, reddish yellow to purple in color, with 4 sepals of male flowers, covered with fuzz on the outside and edges; 4 petals, lanceolate, with sparse hairs on the outer midrib, sparse hairs and glands on the edges, 4 stamens, opposite to the calyx; Female sepals 4, triangular, covered with fuzz on the outside, with fuzz and glands on the edges, carpel 4. The lower part is surrounded by a flower disk, the style is curved downwards, and the stigma is long and pointed; The stamens of both sexes have few filaments, and the carpel is detached. Drupe ovate or long ovate, black. One seed, ovate, slightly flattened, pale yellow white. The flowering period is from March to August, and the fruiting period is from April to October.
3. Origin distribution
Suitable for growing in coastal areas with warm climate and loose soil, as well as along gullies, forest edges, and shrubs. Distributed in Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places.
4. Harvesting and processing
Harvest the fruits in autumn when they are ripe, remove impurities and dry them in the sun.
5. Characteristics of medicinal herbs
It is oval shaped. The surface is black or brown, with raised mesh wrinkles and irregular polygonal mesh. There are obvious ridges on both sides, with a pointed tip and sunken stem marks at the base. The fruit shell is hard and brittle, the seeds are oval shaped, the surface is white or yellow white, and has a mesh pattern; The seed coat is thin, the cotyledons are milky white, and rich in oil. Odorless, extremely bitter in taste.
6. Sexual Taste Returning to the Classics
Cold in nature and bitter in taste. There is a small toxin, which belongs to the large intestine meridian and liver meridian.
7. Effect and Function
Clearing heat and detoxifying, intercepting malaria, stopping dysentery, and corroding warts. Belonging to the subcategory of clearing heat and detoxifying drugs.
8. Clinical application
Use 0.5-2 grams, wrap with longan meat or put into capsules and swallow. Apply in moderation for external use. Used to treat dysentery and malaria; External treatment for warts and corns.
9. Pharmacological research
Anti-tumor; Promote immune function; Antiviral. The main anti-cancer ingredient is bitter wood lactone, and duck gallbladder bitter alcohol has a significant inhibitory effect on melanoma L1210 and melanoma P388 strains. The 1:1000 water extract of defatted brucea and bitter bitter extract from bitter wood have strong anti amoebic effects. Has anti malaria and anti intestinal parasitic effects; The ethanol extract has significant anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo experiments against human nasal KB, mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, P388 cell leukemia, rat W256 sarcoma, etc. In addition, duck gallbladder kernels have significant toxicity, while volatile oils have low toxicity but significant local irritation.
10. Chemical composition
Containing components such as brucea jasmonate, brucea jasmonate, brucea jasmonate, and brucea jasmonate.
11. Usage taboos
It has a stimulating effect on the gastrointestinal tract, which can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and damage to the liver and kidneys. Therefore, it is not advisable to take it for too long. Individuals with weak spleen and stomach and vomiting are prohibited from taking it.
12. Compatibility prescription
① Treatment for hemorrhoids: Seven capsules of Brucea Javanese. Pack longan meat and swallow it. (Compendium Collection)
② To treat malaria: Take 10 pieces of Brucea Javanica kernels and swallow them inside Guangxi round meat. Take 3 times a day, half the dosage after the 3rd day, and continue for 5 days. (Guangxi Chinese Herbal Medicine)
③ Early treatment of schistosomiasis: 10 seeds of Brucea Javanica, twice a day. Serve continuously for 4-5 days. (Guangxi Chinese Herbal Medicine)
④ Urgent treatment: Remove the shell of the crow's gallbladder to retain meat, wrap it with longan meat, 1 capsule per year, white and boiling underwater. (Jiyun Clan Currency)
⊙ The content of the article is for clinical reference only. Non TCM professionals are not allowed to test drugs.