1. Alias
Lemon, hooked stem, bergamot, fragrant foam tree, citron.
2. Plant morphology
Evergreen trees. Height of 4-10 meters, branches with edges and short spines. Leaves alternate, single compound leaves, leathery, long elliptical leaves, with translucent oil spots on both sides; The petiole has broad wings in an inverted heart-shaped shape. Flowers are solitary or clustered, and some are terminal or axillary in a raceme inflorescence; Calyx short cup-shaped, 5-lobed, lobes triangular; Petals 5, white, oblong ovate; There are 25-36 stamens attached around the flower disk, and the filaments are fused together; The pistil is one, the ovary is superior, flattened and round, the style is cylindrical, and the stigma is head shaped. Citrus fruits are round in shape, with a short diameter of 5-7 centimeters. There are style base marks at the top, which are nipple shaped protrusions. The skin is rough or smooth, and when mature, it is orange yellow. The majority of seeds. The flowering period is from April to May, and the fruiting period is from October to November.
3. Origin distribution
Distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan and other places.
4. Harvesting and processing
Picking at maturity, whole or split in half, sun drying or oven drying.
5. Characteristics of medicinal herbs
Spherical, hemispherical, or circular in shape, with a diameter of 4-7 centimeters. The surface is black green or yellow brown, densely covered with concave small oil spots and rough wrinkles with a network of protrusions. There are residual flower styles and raised rings at the top, and residual fruit stalks at the base. Hard in texture. Sectional or transverse thin sections with obvious oil spots on the edges; The thickness of the middle fruit skin is about 0.5 centimeters; The pulp sacs are 9-11 compartments, brown or light reddish brown, with occasional yellow white seeds. Fragrant aroma, sour and bitter taste.
6. Sexual Taste Returning to the Classics
Warm in nature, with a pungent, bitter, and sour taste. Return to the liver meridian, spleen meridian, and lung meridian.
7. Effect and Function
Soothing the liver, regulating qi, broadening the middle, and resolving phlegm. It belongs to the category of Qi regulating medicine.
8. Clinical application
Take 3-9 grams of decoction orally. Used to treat liver and stomach qi stagnation, chest and rib distension, abdominal distension, vomiting and wheezing, phlegm and cough.
9. Pharmacological research
The volatile oil contained in it has a mild stimulating effect on the gastrointestinal tract, which can promote peristalsis and secretion of digestive fluids in the gastrointestinal tract, eliminate intestinal gas accumulation, and have expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects. The hesperidin contained in it has the effect of preventing frostbite and inhibiting aldehyde reductase in rat lenses.
10. Chemical composition
Containing volatile oil, the main components are vanillin, limonene, etc. It also contains ingredients such as hesperidin, citric acid, geraniol, eugenol, and acacetin.
11. Usage taboos
Those with yin deficiency and blood dryness, as well as pregnant women with qi deficiency, should take it with caution.
12. Compatibility prescription
① To treat qi stagnation or nausea: Two Chen Ji fragrant citrons, 90 grams of true Sichuan scallop (heart removing), 45 grams of Angelica sinensis (stir fried black), 30 grams of Bai Tong Cao (dried), 30 grams of Chen watermelon peel, and 9 grams of sweet Campanula. And grind fine powder, use white sandalwood incense to chop and fry thick juice to make pills, as big as plane trees. Take 9 grams per dose and boil water. (Newly Compiled Meishi Formula, Citrus Pill)
② Treatment of bloating: one Chen Xiangchuan (with flesh), two large pit peach flesh (with skin), and 6 grams of shrunken sand kernels (without film). Each calcined substance is loose, mixed with sugar. Hollow clothing. (This Classic Meets the Original)
③ Three day malaria treatment: Take a piece of Chenxiang citron, remove the top skin, grind it into fine and bright realgar, and calcine it with internal heat. Take it out and grind it very finely. Take 2.1 grams per dose, swallow dry without water. (The Secret Biography of Hua Tuo's Divine Physician)
④ Treating Head Wind: Citrus is not limited to old or new (cut open) one piece. One duck egg (cooked, cut in half), stuffed into a citron. Wrap each side around the temple, and it will heal as soon as it gets hot. ("Chuanya Waibian")
⊙ The content of the article is for clinical reference only. Non TCM professionals are not allowed to test drugs.