1. Alias
Holly leaves, Four Seasons green leaves, a mouthful of blood.
2. Plant morphology
Evergreen trees, reaching up to 13 meters in height. Leaves elliptical or lanceolate, sparsely ovate, 5-11 cm long, apex gradually pointed, base wedge-shaped, with rounded teeth, hairless, lateral veins 6-9 pairs, petiole 0.8-1 cm long. The inflorescence of the compound umbrella has a single leaf axil, with a peduncle length of 0.7-1.4 cm, a secondary axis length of 2-5 mm, and a peduncle length of 2 mm. It is hairless, with light purple or purple red flowers, 4-5 cardinal numbers, and wide triangular sepal lobes. The petals are ovate, and the stamens are shorter than the petals. The degenerated ovary is conical. The fruit is spherical in shape, measuring 1-1.2 cm in length and 6-8 mm in diameter. When ripe, it is red in color and has 4-5 nuclei. It is narrow lanceolate in shape, measuring 0.9-1.1 cm in length. The back of the fruit is smooth and concave, and the inner skin is thick and leathery. The flowering period is from April to June, and the fruiting period is from July to December.
3. Origin distribution
Born in evergreen broad-leaved forests on mountain slopes at altitudes of 500-1000 meters or at forest edges, distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan.
4. Harvesting and processing
Harvested in autumn and winter, sun dried.
5. Characteristics of medicinal herbs
It is elliptical or elongated in shape, measuring 6-12 centimeters in length and 2-4 centimeters in width. The apex is acute or gradually pointed, the base is wedge-shaped, and the edges are sparsely serrated. The upper surface is brown or gray green with a glossy finish; The lower surface color is relatively light; The petiole is 0.5-1.8 centimeters long. Transformed. The air is slightly fragrant, with a bitter and astringent taste.
6. Sexual Taste Returning to the Classics
Cold in nature, bitter and astringent in taste. Return to the lung meridian, colon meridian, and bladder meridian.
7. Effect and Function
Clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and blood stasis. Belonging to the subcategory of clearing heat and detoxifying drugs.
8. Clinical application
Dosage: 15-60 grams; External use: appropriate amount, fresh product pounded and applied; Or boil, wash, and apply in water. Used to treat lung heat cough, sore throat, dysentery, rib pain, and heatstroke; External treatment for burns and skin ulcers.
9. Pharmacological research
Can be used to treat experimental burns; For the cardiovascular system, it can dilate coronary blood vessels and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption; Has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and mildly inhibits experimental HF sarcoma in mice.
10. Chemical composition
The main components in the leaves of Four Seasons Green are triterpenoid glycosides A of holly, namely 3 β - O - (β - D-xylopyranose) Thai resin acid, and triterpenoid glycosides B of holly, namely 3 β - O - (β - D-xylopyranose) methyl ester of pomodoric acid. In addition, it also contains components such as protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, ursolic acid, tannins, flavonoid glycosides, and sugars.
11. Usage taboos
Not yet clear.
12. Compatibility prescription
① For treating colds, tonsillitis, and acute and chronic bronchitis: 30g of Four Seasons Green Leaf and Three Vein Leaf Malan are made into a decoction of 90ml, taken three times a day. [New Medical Information, 1972, (1): 37]
② Treatment of mastitis: 60g of Four Seasons Green Leaves, 45g of Prunella vulgaris, and 45g of Hibiscus syringae each. Crush them into a paste and apply to the affected area. After drying, add water to adjust the moisture before applying. (National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines)
③ Treating burns: Four season green leaves are boiled and concentrated into a 1:1 medicinal solution. After the wound is cleared, use a cotton ball dipped in the medicine solution to repeatedly apply it. If there is secretion under the scab, remove the scab and apply it again until it is healed. (Zhejiang Medicinal Plant Chronicles)
④ Treat skin cracks and scars: Burn appropriate amounts of Four Seasons Green Leaves with ash, Vaseline, and flour, mix them into an ointment and apply it externally 3-5 times a day. (Qingdao Herbal Medicine Handbook)
⑤ Treating women's vaginal swelling: Divide the leaves of Qingye, wheat, and licorice into equal parts throughout the four seasons. Boil and wash with water. (Dongqing Leaf Decoction in "Ancient and Modern Medical System")
⑥ Treat external bleeding: Take an appropriate amount of fresh Four Seasons Green Leaves, chew and apply externally. (Jiangxi Herbal Medicine)
⊙ The content of the article is for clinical reference only. Non TCM professionals are not allowed to test drugs.